Scientific landfill consists of

• A basal lining system to prevent soil and groundwater contamination by pollutants from the wastes.

• A capping system to seal the waste when the capacity of the landfill is exhausted

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The basal lining system consists of

• An impervious sealing layer, which prevents the entry of pollutants into the ground

• A leachate collection system for the collection and transmission of leachates to a collection pit to ensure low hydraulic heads above the sealing layer

• In some cases, a double liner is used for the purpose of secondary leachate collection/leak detection system

The capping system consists of

• The lining system is sealed and also drainage layers are engineered to prevent the entry of water into the landfill so as to minimize the generation of leachates.

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Pollution control is a term used in environmental management. It means the control of emissions and effluents into air, water or soil. Without pollution control, the waste products from consumption, heating, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, transportation, and other human activities, whether they accumulate or disperse, will degrade the environment. Today with heightened public awareness regarding the consequences of environmental pollution and stringent pollution control norms makes it imperative that modern landfills have to be engineered to very demanding performance standards. Proper care has to be taken in material selection, system design, construction & testing.

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